Soubor:LoA LKAA-LOVV (WiP) 03.png

2011-02-17T21:19:13Z

JAV: LKAA-LOVV border sectors

LKAA-LOVV border sectors

Soubor:LoA LKAA-LOVV (WiP) 02.png

2011-02-17T21:15:57Z

JAV: VACC-AUT logo

VACC-AUT logo

Soubor:LoA LKAA-LOVV (WiP) 01.png

2011-02-17T21:13:12Z

JAV: VACC-CZ Logo

VACC-CZ Logo

Kategorie:Letters of Agreement

2011-02-16T22:53:41Z

JAV: Založena nová stránka: LOAS jsou koordinační dohody s ostatními FIRy o postupech při předávání letů. Tyto informace jsou podstatné pouze pro ATC. Category:ATC dokumenty

LOAS jsou koordinační dohody s ostatními FIRy o postupech při předávání letů. Tyto informace jsou podstatné pouze pro ATC.
[[Category:ATC dokumenty]]

LKTB - Surveillance Radar Approach

2011-02-13T23:34:23Z

JAV:

==Basic Information==
===What is SRA?===
A Surveillance Radar Approach (SRA or ASR) is a type of instrument approach provided
with active assistance from ATCo during the final approach phase. It requires no special
equipment in addition to a standard surveillance radar system used by ATCo. Thus, it
differs from most other instrument approaches which utilize a radio navigation system to
provide guidance during the final approach.

As it requires no special equipment to be carried on board an aircraft, an SRA is
considered a fall-back approach for aircraft that are having instrument or electrical
problems and therefore cannot rely on on-board instruments; it is also sometimes provided
to runways that do not usually receive instrument traffic and therefore do not have any
other approach aids provided.

During the approach, the controller provides headings to keep the aircraft on the runway
centerline as viewed on radar. The controller also reads out advisory altitudes based upon
the observed range from touchdown: pilots can use these as assistance with their descent
planning. Since only lateral guidance is provided, SRA is a non-precision approaches. The
controller guidance terminates at between 2 NM and 0,5 NM from TDZ, at which point
the pilot must either have visual reference, or must go around.

According to special ground equipment necessary for providing the service, SRA is used
mainly as a reserve for emergency situation.

Since 10 February 2011, SRA is not any more used in the Czech Republic.

However, although this kind of approach was cancelled in the real world life, on VATSIM it is still published for Airport Brno - Tuřany, and SRA is used in case of special events.

==Further Information==
===What to expect at the beginning===
While approaching the aerodrome, ATC gives you vectors near the RWY centerline and
hands you off to the ATC position that provides SRA (SRA ATCo). SRA ATCo gives you
all necessary information (RWY heading, angle of descend, OCA, MDA, terminal range
and missed approach procedure). SRA ATCo also gives you vectors into intermediate
approach track (onto RWY centerline, horizontal flight).
===Check Your Minimums===
SRA ATCo gives obstruct clearance altitude; however, pilot should have his/ her own
minimums (same or higher then given by ATCo).

For example, EU based airlines use JAR-OPS (EU-OPS) document where the minimums
are determined like this:

*SRA (terminating at 1,0 NM): 250 ft

*SRA (terminating at 1,5 NM): 300 ft

*SRA (terminating at 2,0 NM): 350 ft

In such case, either these minimums or OCH are used; whichever are greater.

===Final Approach Configuration===
For the successful SRA, one of the most important things is to begin the approach in final
approach configuration. Since at least 1 NM before passing FAF till touch-down, it is
necessary to hold final approach speed (or Vref) and to be in landing configuration, all the
time.

Every other modification of approaching speed changes vertical velocity!
For the rate of descend determination, it’s useful to use simple rule:

'''GS [kt] x 5 = VS [fpm]'''.

For example if the ground speed is 150 kt, the rate of descend is 750 fpm. Ground speed is
easily recognized by equipment of an aircraft or it could be set as IAS plus/ minus wind
correction at the aerodrome.
===Utilized Equipment===
For the real SRA adventure, it’s very important not to use any navigation equipment
(FMC, DME, GPS, VOR, ILS, NDB, etc.). For SRA, just altimeter, horizon, gyroscope
and radio are enough.
===Final Approach Track===
SRA as such begins shortly before passing FAF. SRA ATCo requests not to acknowledge
further information and reports passing FAF. At this moment, pilot starts to descend by
the calculated VS and listens carefully to the instructions given by SRA ATCo.
===Altitude===
For every nautical mile, the altitude decrements by approximately 320 ft. Because of
rounding, the decrease is 300 ft (sometimes 400 ft) for 1 NM. Thus, don’t get under stress if
you altitude is about 100 ft different from recommended one, just slightly modify your
VS. Maximal deviation should be 200 ft.

This information is not valid for OCA. Pilot are not allowed to be lower then OCA, any
time.

===Landing Clearance===
Landing clearance is delivered during the approach by SRA ATCo (not by TWR). The
reason is that the pilot does need to change to a new frequency during the most difficult
part of the approach.

SRA ATCo instructs the pilot when and which frequency to contact. It’s usually happens
after landing, during vacating the RWY.
===Missed Approach===
Pilot follows the missed approach procedures if:
* he/ she has not sufficient visual reference at terminal range (RWY or approach light system is not in sight),
* it is not possible to finish the approach at terminal range (aircraft is too high, out of centerline heading, etc.),
* shift from the RWY centerline is too great during the approach,
* a radiocommunication fails,
* he/ she is commanded by ATCo.
==Brno Tuřany SRA Procedures==
===Basic Values===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Designation !! Value
|-
| RWY || 10/ 28
|-
| Altitude of Intermediate Approach || 3000 ft/ 914 m AMSL*
|-
| Final Approach Fix || 7 NM/ 13,0 km from TDZ
|-
| Angle of Descent || 3°
|-
| Terminal Range || 2,1 NM/ 3,9 km from TDZ
|-
| Obstacle Clearance Altitude (OCA) || 1430 ft/ 437 m AMSL **
|-
| Obstacle Clearance Height (OCH) || (OCH) 670 ft/ 204 m AGL ***
|}

<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''Low temperature altitude used from 15 NOV to 15 MAR is 3160 ft/ 960 m unless otherwise published by NOTAM.''

<nowiki>**</nowiki> ''Low temperature altitude used from 15 NOV to 15 MAR is 1480 ft/ 450 m unless otherwise published by NOTAM.''

<nowiki>***</nowiki> ''Low temperature altitude used from 15 NOV to 15 MAR is 710 ft/ 217 m unless otherwise published by NOTAM.''

===Radiocommunication Failure===
In case of radiocommunication failure, climb to 3000 ft AMSL to BNO VOR and follow
radiocommunication failure procedures.
==Phraseology==
===English Phraseology===
'''ATC:''' This will be surveillance radar approach runway X terminating at Y NM from
touchdown, final approach track W degrees, glide path angle V(3) degrees, in
case of go around... (continue on hdg X, climb Y and contact Z), obstacle
6
clearance altitude Z ft, check your minimums.

'''A/C:''' Surveillance radar approach runway X, minimums checked.

'''ATC:''' 2 NM from FAF, reduce to Final Approach Speed and check gear down and
locked

'''A/C:''' Reducing to final approach speed, gear down and locked.

'''ATC:''' 1 NM from FAF, do not acknowledge further transmissions.

'''ATC:''' 7 NM from touchdown, commence descent now, establish a 3 degree glide path

'''ATC:''' 6 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 2700 ft, heading is good.

'''ATC:''' 5 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 2400 ft, right of track, turn 3 degrees
to the left, new heading 272.

'''ATC:''' 4 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 2000 ft, on track, turn 2 degrees to the
right, new heading 274.

'''ATC: '''3,5 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 1890 ft, slightly left of track, turn
2 degrees to the right, new heading 276.

'''ATC:''' 3 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 1700 ft, well left of track, turn
3 degrees to the right, new heading 279;cleared to land runway 10, wind 100
degrees 5 knots.

'''ATC:''' 2,5 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 1570 ft, closing from the left,
continue heading 279.

'''ATC:''' 2 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 1410 ft, on track, turn 2 degrees to the
left, new heading 276.

'''ATC:''' 1,6 NM from touchdown, altitude should be 1270 ft, approach completed.

===Czech Phraseology===
'''ATC:''' Toto bude přiblížení přehledovým radarem na dráhu X končící ve vzdálenosti Y
NM od bodu dotyku, úhel trati konečného přiblížení W stupňů, sestupový úhel
V(3) stupně, v případě průletu..., bezpečná altitude nad překážkami Z stop,
prověřte vaše minima.

'''A/C:''' Přiblížení přehledovým radarem na dráhu X, minima prověřena.

'''ATC:''' 2 NM od bodu začátku konečného přiblížení, prověřte vysunutí a zajištění podvozku, snižte na přibližovací rychlost.

'''A/C:''' Podvozek vysunut a zajištěn, snižuji na přibližovací rychlost.

'''ATC:''' 1 NM od FAF, nepotvrzujte další vysílání.

'''ATC:''' 7 NM od bodu dotyku, zahajte klesání teď, udržujte sestupovou dráhu 3 stupně.

'''ATC:''' 6 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 2700 stop, kurz je dobrý.

'''ATC:''' 5 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 2400 stop, vpravo od trati, točte o 3
stupně doleva, nový kurz 272.

'''ATC:''' 4 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 2000 stop, na trati, točte o 2 stupně
7
doprava, nový kurz 274. ***

'''ATC:''' 3,5 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 1890 stop, mírně vlevo od trati, točte
o 2 stupně doprava, nový kurz 276.

'''ATC:''' 3 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 1700 stop, hodně vlevo od trati, točte
o 3 stupně doprava, nový kurz 279; dráha 10 přistání povoleno, vítr 100 stupňů
5 uzlů.

'''ATC:''' 2,5 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 1570 stop, blížíte se zleva, pokračujte
kurzem 279.

'''ATC:''' 2 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 1410 stop, na trati, točte o 2 stupně
doleva, nový kurz 276.

'''ATC:''' 1,6 NM od bodu dotyku, altitude má být 1270 stop, přiblížení ukončeno.

<nowiki>***</nowiki> od 4 NM má ATC trvale zaklíčováno

==Abbreviations==
===Abbreviations===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|AMSL ||Above mean sea level ||Nad střední hladinou moře
|-
|ASR ||Aerodrome surveillance radar ||Letištní přehledový radar
|-
|ATCo ||Air traffic control officer ||Řídící letového provozu
|-
|DME ||Distance measuring equipment ||Měřič vzdálenosti
|-
|FAF ||Final approach fix ||Bod konečného přiblížení
|-
|FMC ||Flight management computer ||Počítač systému řízení a optimalizace letu
|-
|GPS ||Global position system ||Globální navigační systém
|-
|ILS ||Instrumental landing system ||Standardní systém přesných přibližovacích majáků
|-
|MDA ||Minimum descend altitude ||Minimální (nadmořská) výška klesání
|-
|NDB ||Non-direction radio beacon ||Nesměrový radiomaják
|-
|NM ||Nautical mile ||Námořní míle
|-
|NOTAM ||Notice to airmen ||Oznámení pro letecký personál
|-
|OCA ||Obstacle clearance altitude ||Bezpečná (nadmořská) výška nad překážkami
|-
|OCH ||Obstacle clearance height ||Bezpečná (relativní) výška nad překážkami
|-
|RWY ||Runway ||Vzletová a přistávací dráha (VPD)
|-
|SRA ||Surveillance radar approach ||Přiblížení přehledovým radarem
|-
|SRA ATCo ||Surveillance radar approachair traffic control officer ||Řídící letového provozu poskytující službu přiblížení přehledovým radarem
|-
|TDZ ||Touchdown zone ||Dotykové pásmo
|-
|TWR ||Tower ||Věž
|-
|VOR ||VHF omnidirectional radio ||Všesměrový radiomaják
|}
[[Category:IFR postupy + komunikace]]
[[Category:Letiště|TB]]

Diskuse:LOVV

2011-02-01T20:36:43Z

JAV: Založena nová stránka: Tento '''Letter of Agreement''' není platný. Od 01OCT2010 platí LoA LKAA--LOVV ver 2.0, zašlu autorovi tohoto hesla na vyžádání. --~~~~

Tento '''Letter of Agreement''' není platný. Od 01OCT2010 platí LoA LKAA--LOVV ver 2.0, zašlu autorovi tohoto hesla na vyžádání.
--[[Uživatel:JAV|Jáchym Vohryzek, ACCCZ1]] 1. 2. 2011, 21:36 (CET)

Diskuse:Rozdělení vzdušného prostoru

2011-02-01T20:30:18Z

JAV: Založena nová stránka: Obrázek je neúplný. Od 10JAN11 máme i "nízký sever" LKAA_N_CTR 132.87. --~~~~

Obrázek je neúplný. Od 10JAN11 máme i "nízký sever" LKAA_N_CTR 132.87.
--[[Uživatel:JAV|Jáchym Vohryzek, ACCCZ1]] 1. 2. 2011, 21:30 (CET)

Uživatel:JAV

2011-02-01T20:24:24Z

JAV: Založena nová stránka: ~~~~

[[Uživatel:JAV|Jáchym Vohryzek, ACCCZ1]] 1. 2. 2011, 21:24 (CET)

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